Name three types of access controls used in protecting a facility.

• A. Video surveillance, alarm systems, security patrols.
• B. Passwords, biometrics, and MFA.
• C. Physical barriers (doors, gates), credentialed access (badges, cards), and procedural controls (visitor check-in, sign-in).
• D. Insurance, licensing, background checks.

Answer: (C)

Access control for a protected facility relies on three complementary layers. Physical barriers such as doors, gates, fences, and turnstiles block entry at the boundary. Credentialed access uses identifiers like badges, cards, or biometric readers to verify someone before granting entry. Procedural controls include processes like visitor check-in/sign-in, sign-out logs, escort requirements, and defined authorization workflows to enforce who can access specific areas and when.

This combination directly controls entry and aligns with protecting a facility. Video surveillance, alarms, and patrols are primarily detection and response measures rather than preventing entry. Passwords, biometrics, and MFA are authentication methods, often tied to digital or personal identity verification rather than the full set of physical access-control mechanisms. Insurance, licensing, and background checks are governance or risk-management activities, not mechanisms that regulate physical access.